PureCar
Northern Ireland practical test report

Driving test fault categories explained.

The DVA driving test report breaks performance into specific assessment areas. Use this section to understand what each heading means, the kinds of problems that can sit under it and what to practise next.

23 report areasBased on DVA guidanceNI practical test

How faults affect the result

The grade depends on what happened and how much risk it created — not simply the name of the category.

0–15driving faults can still result in a pass if there is no serious or dangerous fault
16+driving faults means the practical test is failed
1serious or dangerous fault is enough to fail

All DVA car-test report areas

Open any category for a plain-English explanation and an improvement plan.

How to read the report →
1.0

Eyesight Test

The practical test starts with the eyesight check. If you cannot meet the required standard, the road-driving part does not continue.

Explain this category →
1.2

Vehicle Safety Questions

The examiner asks vehicle-safety questions before or during the test. Incorrect answers can add a driving fault.

Explain this category →
2.0

Ancillary Controls

You should be able to use safety-related controls without losing attention on the road.

Explain this category →
3.0

Precautions

Basic preparation before moving protects you, passengers and other road users.

Explain this category →
4.0–4.7

Control

Control covers smooth, accurate use of the main vehicle controls throughout the drive.

Explain this category →
5.0–5.2

Move Away

Moving away safely combines observation, control and judgement of a suitable gap.

Explain this category →
6.0–6.2

Emergency Stop

The emergency stop tests whether you can bring the vehicle to a controlled stop promptly when instructed.

Explain this category →
7.0–7.2

Reverse to the Left or Right

Reversing manoeuvres require very low speed, accurate steering and continuous observation.

Explain this category →
8.0–8.2

Turn in the Road

The turn in the road remains relevant to the current Northern Ireland car test and combines control with all-round observation.

Explain this category →
9.0–9.2

Reverse Parking

Reverse parking is assessed on control, accuracy, observation and consideration for other road users.

Explain this category →
10.0–10.3

Use of Mirrors / Rear Observation

Mirror checks must give you information that changes or confirms your decision; simply moving your eyes toward a mirror is not enough.

Explain this category →
11.0–11.3

Appropriate Signals

Signals should be clear, correctly timed and useful to other road users without creating confusion.

Explain this category →
12.0–12.5

Response to Signs and Signals

You need to recognise road signs, markings, traffic lights and lawful signals early enough to respond safely.

Explain this category →
13.0

Use of Speed

A legal speed can still be inappropriate. Your speed should match visibility, road conditions, hazards and the space available.

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14.0

Safe Distance Behind Vehicles

A safe following gap gives you time to see, decide and stop if the vehicle ahead changes speed suddenly.

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15.0–15.2

Maintain Progress

Safe driving is not the same as excessively slow driving. You should make reasonable progress when conditions allow.

Explain this category →
16.0–16.5

Junctions Including Roundabouts

Junctions bring together approach speed, lane choice, positioning, observation and gap judgement.

Explain this category →
17.0–17.3

Judgement

Judgement covers overtaking, meeting traffic and crossing the path of oncoming traffic.

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18.0–18.2

Positioning

Stable road position helps other road users predict you and preserves safe clearance from hazards.

Explain this category →
19.0

Clearance to Stationary Vehicles and Obstructions

Parked vehicles and obstructions can hide doors, pedestrians, workers and vehicles about to move.

Explain this category →
20.0

Pedestrian Crossings

Crossings test whether you recognise vulnerable road users early and adjust speed before the situation becomes urgent.

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21.0

Position for Normal Stops

When asked to pull up, the place and final position should be safe, legal and convenient.

Explain this category →
22.0

Awareness and Planning

Awareness and planning is the ability to see what may happen next and adjust before it becomes a problem.

Explain this category →

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Reviewed against official Northern Ireland guidanceInformation checked 21 September 2026.
Official source ↗